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PMS 2026 GK Practice Set - Sudan Civil War 2011, Q1-50 (South Sudan Independence) Solved MCQs

Solved PMS 2026 GK practice set Q1-50 from the Sir Adnan Sudan Civil War booklet - South Sudan independence 2011, CPA 2005, referendum results, UN membership and the 2013 civil war MCQs with verified answers and explanations. A practice set for PMS Screening preparation, not an official past paper.

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Questions

47

Time

47

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Subjects

1

Topics

1

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About this paper

A Sir Adnan one-liner booklet headed 'SUDAN CIVIL WAR 2011-GK / ONE-LINER-200 (PPSC/FPSC NEW TREND 2025-26)' from the monster-data 'PMS SCREENING 2026 GK UPDATED' pack (13 pp). This file publishes Q1-50 only, in the standard MCQ format with verified answers and explanations: 47 published, 3 dropped (printed Q36, whose 'vote type' stem has no answerable form as printed - the Abyei referendum was postponed amid dispute; printed Q44, 'who adopted the first flag' answered only with the vague 'Regional leadership post-CPA', not identifiable; printed Q46, an internal duplicate of the CPA-to-referendum fact already carried by Q2 and Q37). 2 NOTE flags (Q27 registered electorate vs valid votes cast; Q40 broad statelessness one-liner clarified). Q2/Q37 are converse phrasings of the same CPA-referendum link and both are published. Q51-200 remain for later runs; the booklet PDF stays in work/pms-screening/.

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PMS 2026 GK Practice Set - Sudan Civil War 2011, Q1-50 (South Sudan Independence)

Read mode 47 MCQs · 47 minutes

Subject 1

General Knowledge

47 MCQs
1

Topic Section

General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

47 solved MCQs shown directly below

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Q 1 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

When did South Sudan officially become independent?

A

9 July 2011

B

9 July 2010

C

1 January 2011

D

14 July 2011

View answer & explanation Ans: 9 July 2011

Correct Answer: 9 July 2011

South Sudan declared independence on 9 July 2011, six years after the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement.

Q 2 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What agreement ended the Second Sudanese Civil War and allowed a referendum?

A

Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) 2005

B

Khartoum Peace Agreement 1997

C

Addis Ababa Agreement 1972

D

Juba Peace Agreement 2020

View answer & explanation Ans: Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) 2005

Correct Answer: Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) 2005

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement, signed in January 2005, ended the Second Sudanese Civil War and provided for a referendum on Southern independence.

Q 3 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What percentage voted for South Sudan's independence in 2011?

A

98.83%

B

98.31%

C

97.58%

D

99.12%

View answer & explanation Ans: 98.83%

Correct Answer: 98.83%

In the January 2011 referendum, 98.83% of valid votes were for independence (about 3.79 million yes votes against 44,888 no votes).

Q 4 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

When was the South Sudan independence referendum held in January 2011?

A

9-15 January 2011

B

1-7 January 2011

C

9-15 February 2011

D

15-21 January 2011

View answer & explanation Ans: 9-15 January 2011

Correct Answer: 9-15 January 2011

Voting in the independence referendum ran from 9 to 15 January 2011.

Q 5 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which country did South Sudan secede from?

A

Sudan

B

Ethiopia

C

Egypt

D

Chad

View answer & explanation Ans: Sudan

Correct Answer: Sudan

South Sudan seceded from Sudan, becoming independent on 9 July 2011.

Q 6 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How many major civil wars occurred between North and South Sudan before independence?

A

Two major civil wars

B

One

C

Three

D

Four

View answer & explanation Ans: Two major civil wars

Correct Answer: Two major civil wars

There were two major north-south civil wars: the First (1955-1972) and the Second (1983-2005).

Q 7 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was created in Southern Sudan after the CPA in 2005?

A

Southern Sudan Autonomous Region

B

Republic of South Sudan

C

Southern Sudan Protectorate

D

Equatoria Province

View answer & explanation Ans: Southern Sudan Autonomous Region

Correct Answer: Southern Sudan Autonomous Region

The 2005 CPA created the autonomous Government of Southern Sudan, which ran the south until independence in 2011.

Q 8 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Who became the first President of South Sudan?

A

Salva Kiir Mayardit

B

Riek Machar

C

John Garang

D

Omar al-Bashir

View answer & explanation Ans: Salva Kiir Mayardit

Correct Answer: Salva Kiir Mayardit

Salva Kiir Mayardit, who had led Southern Sudan after John Garang's death in 2005, became South Sudan's first president at independence.

Q 9 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Who was President of Sudan when South Sudan gained independence?

A

Omar al-Bashir

B

Jaafar Nimeiry

C

Abdel Fattah al-Burhan

D

Hassan al-Turabi

View answer & explanation Ans: Omar al-Bashir

Correct Answer: Omar al-Bashir

Omar al-Bashir was president of Sudan in July 2011, when South Sudan seceded.

Q 10 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which country was the world's youngest country as of 2011?

A

South Sudan

B

Eritrea

C

Kosovo

D

Timor-Leste

View answer & explanation Ans: South Sudan

Correct Answer: South Sudan

South Sudan, independent on 9 July 2011, was the world's newest country at that time.

Q 11 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which natural resource caused major north-south tension?

A

Oil

B

Water

C

Gold

D

Cotton

View answer & explanation Ans: Oil

Correct Answer: Oil

Oil, most of it located in the south, was a central source of north-south tension and of the post-independence revenue dispute.

Q 12 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which international body admitted South Sudan in July 2011?

A

United Nations

B

African Union

C

Arab League

D

IGAD

View answer & explanation Ans: United Nations

Correct Answer: United Nations

The United Nations admitted South Sudan on 14 July 2011, as its 193rd member state.

Q 13 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What percent of Sudan's former oil reserves were in South Sudan?

A

About 75%

B

About 25%

C

About 50%

D

About 90%

View answer & explanation Ans: About 75%

Correct Answer: About 75%

About three-quarters of the former united Sudan's oil reserves lay in what became South Sudan, though the export pipeline ran north through Sudan.

Q 14 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which region remained disputed after independence?

A

Abyei

B

Heglig

C

Jonglei

D

Blue Nile

View answer & explanation Ans: Abyei

Correct Answer: Abyei

Abyei, on the north-south border, remained disputed after independence, and its promised referendum was never held.

Q 15 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which armed group opposed the Sudan government pre-independence?

A

SPLA/M

B

Sudanese Armed Forces

C

Janjaweed

D

Lord's Resistance Army

View answer & explanation Ans: SPLA/M

Correct Answer: SPLA/M

The Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) fought the Khartoum government in the Second Sudanese Civil War.

Q 16 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

When did South Sudan join the African Union?

A

27 July 2011

B

14 July 2011

C

9 July 2011

D

27 August 2011

View answer & explanation Ans: 27 July 2011

Correct Answer: 27 July 2011

South Sudan became the African Union's 54th member on 27 July 2011, weeks after independence.

Q 17 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What triggered the South Sudanese Civil War in December 2013?

A

Power struggle between Kiir and Machar

B

Border dispute with Sudan

C

Oil shutdown

D

Drought and famine

View answer & explanation Ans: Power struggle between Kiir and Machar

Correct Answer: Power struggle between Kiir and Machar

The December 2013 civil war began as a political power struggle between President Salva Kiir and his former vice president Riek Machar, which then took on an ethnic dimension.

Q 18 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which two ethnic groups were central to the civil war?

A

Dinka and Nuer

B

Shilluk and Azande

C

Arab and Fur

D

Beja and Nuba

View answer & explanation Ans: Dinka and Nuer

Correct Answer: Dinka and Nuer

The civil war's fighting fell largely along Dinka-Nuer lines, Kiir being Dinka and Machar Nuer.

Q 19 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How soon after independence did South Sudan face internal conflict?

A

About 2.5 years

B

About 1 year

C

About 5 years

D

About 10 years

View answer & explanation Ans: About 2.5 years

Correct Answer: About 2.5 years

Independence came in July 2011 and civil war broke out in December 2013, about two and a half years later.

Q 20 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was a major result of the South Sudanese Civil War?

A

Mass displacement of civilians

B

Return of refugees

C

Peaceful power-sharing

D

Economic boom

View answer & explanation Ans: Mass displacement of civilians

Correct Answer: Mass displacement of civilians

The civil war displaced millions of South Sudanese civilians, internally and as refugees in neighbouring countries.

Q 21 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

In which year did South Sudan become the 193rd UN member?

A

2011

B

2010

C

2012

D

2013

View answer & explanation Ans: 2011

Correct Answer: 2011

South Sudan was admitted to the United Nations on 14 July 2011 as the 193rd member state.

Q 22 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What war preceded the CPA 2005?

A

Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

B

First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972)

C

Darfur War

D

South Sudanese Civil War (2013-2020)

View answer & explanation Ans: Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

Correct Answer: Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

The CPA ended the Second Sudanese Civil War, which ran from 1983 to 2005.

Q 23 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How many people were estimated killed in the civil conflicts before independence?

A

Millions

B

Thousands

C

Hundreds

D

Tens of thousands

View answer & explanation Ans: Millions

Correct Answer: Millions

The Second Sudanese Civil War alone is estimated to have killed around two million people, through fighting, famine and disease.

Q 24 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What is celebrated as Independence Day in South Sudan?

A

9 July

B

14 July

C

1 January

D

27 July

View answer & explanation Ans: 9 July

Correct Answer: 9 July

South Sudan's Independence Day is 9 July, the date of independence in 2011.

Q 25 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What currency entered circulation in South Sudan in 2011?

A

South Sudan pound

B

Sudanese pound

C

Kenyan shilling

D

Ethiopian birr

View answer & explanation Ans: South Sudan pound

Correct Answer: South Sudan pound

The South Sudanese pound entered circulation shortly after independence in July 2011, replacing the Sudanese pound.

Q 26 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which factor prolonged the Sudanese wars?

A

Political and economic marginalisation of the South

B

Religious differences alone

C

Foreign invasion

D

Climate change alone

View answer & explanation Ans: Political and economic marginalisation of the South

Correct Answer: Political and economic marginalisation of the South

The south's political and economic marginalisation by Khartoum was a long-running driver of both north-south wars.

Q 27 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was the total electorate in the 2011 referendum?

A

About 3.94 million

B

About 1.2 million

C

About 2.5 million

D

About 5.8 million

View answer & explanation Ans: About 3.94 million

Correct Answer: About 3.94 million

About 3.94 million people were registered to vote in the 2011 referendum; about 3.84 million valid votes were cast.

Q 28 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What key issue remained unresolved post-independence?

A

Oil revenue sharing

B

Language policy

C

Capital location

D

Flag design

View answer & explanation Ans: Oil revenue sharing

Correct Answer: Oil revenue sharing

How to share oil revenue, and the transit fees for southern oil exported through Sudan's pipeline, remained unresolved after independence.

Q 29 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which region bordering South Sudan saw conflict in 2011?

A

South Kordofan and Blue Nile

B

Darfur and Kordofan

C

Jonglei and Unity

D

Abyei and Heglig

View answer & explanation Ans: South Kordofan and Blue Nile

Correct Answer: South Kordofan and Blue Nile

South Kordofan and Blue Nile, the 'Two Areas' north of the border, saw renewed conflict in 2011 as their status under the CPA remained unsettled.

Q 30 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What did UN Security Council Resolution 1996 establish?

A

UNMISS (UN Mission in South Sudan)

B

UNMIS

C

UNAMID

D

MINUSMA

View answer & explanation Ans: UNMISS (UN Mission in South Sudan)

Correct Answer: UNMISS (UN Mission in South Sudan)

Resolution 1996 (8 July 2011) established the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), succeeding UNMIS, which had covered the united Sudan.

Q 31 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

When did border conflicts over Heglig occur?

A

2012

B

2011

C

2013

D

2015

View answer & explanation Ans: 2012

Correct Answer: 2012

Fighting over the oil-rich Heglig area broke out in April 2012, when South Sudanese forces briefly occupied it.

Q 32 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

In which states did the South Sudanese Civil War spread?

A

Jonglei, Upper Nile, Unity

B

Darfur, Kordofan, Khartoum

C

Equatoria, Bahr el Ghazal, Abyei

D

Khartoum, Port Sudan, Kassala

View answer & explanation Ans: Jonglei, Upper Nile, Unity

Correct Answer: Jonglei, Upper Nile, Unity

The civil war spread earliest and hardest in Jonglei, Upper Nile and Unity states, the oil-producing and cattle-herding heartlands.

Q 33 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What caused post-independence violence?

A

Ethnic tensions and political rivalry

B

Earthquake

C

Oil discovery

D

Foreign invasion

View answer & explanation Ans: Ethnic tensions and political rivalry

Correct Answer: Ethnic tensions and political rivalry

Post-independence violence was driven by ethnic tensions sharpened by the Kiir-Machar political rivalry.

Q 34 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How long before independence did the CPA grant Southern autonomy?

A

Six years

B

Three years

C

Ten years

D

One year

View answer & explanation Ans: Six years

Correct Answer: Six years

The CPA of 2005 granted Southern autonomy six years before independence in 2011.

Q 35 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Who was Vice President accused of planning a coup in 2013?

A

Riek Machar

B

Salva Kiir

C

John Garang

D

Taban Deng Gai

View answer & explanation Ans: Riek Machar

Correct Answer: Riek Machar

In December 2013 President Kiir accused his dismissed vice president Riek Machar of plotting a coup; Machar denied it, and fighting followed.

Q 36 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which peace deal enabled the 2011 referendum?

A

CPA 2005

B

Addis Ababa Agreement 1972

C

Khartoum Peace Agreement 1997

D

Revitalised Agreement 2018

View answer & explanation Ans: CPA 2005

Correct Answer: CPA 2005

The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement provided for the 2011 referendum on Southern independence.

Q 37 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which river system dominates South Sudan's geography?

A

The Nile and tributaries

B

Congo River system

C

Niger River system

D

Zambezi River system

View answer & explanation Ans: The Nile and tributaries

Correct Answer: The Nile and tributaries

South Sudan is dominated by the White Nile and its tributaries, including the vast Sudd swamp.

Q 38 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which organization mediated oil revenue talks after independence?

A

African Union

B

United Nations

C

IGAD

D

Arab League

View answer & explanation Ans: African Union

Correct Answer: African Union

The African Union, through its High-Level Implementation Panel chaired by Thabo Mbeki, mediated the post-independence oil and border talks.

Q 39 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What demographic issue arose after independence?

A

Stateless populations

B

Mass emigration to Europe

C

Population census boycott

D

Rising birth rate

View answer & explanation Ans: Stateless populations

Correct Answer: Stateless populations

After secession, people of South Sudanese origin living in Sudan and residents of disputed border areas faced the risk of statelessness as nationality rules changed.

Q 40 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which two countries share a border with South Sudan to the east?

A

Ethiopia and Kenya

B

Uganda and DR Congo

C

Sudan and Chad

D

Egypt and Libya

View answer & explanation Ans: Ethiopia and Kenya

Correct Answer: Ethiopia and Kenya

Ethiopia lies to South Sudan's east and Kenya to its south-east.

Q 41 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was the main political party in Southern Sudan before 2011?

A

SPLA/M

B

National Congress Party

C

Democratic Unionist Party

D

Umma Party

View answer & explanation Ans: SPLA/M

Correct Answer: SPLA/M

The Sudan People's Liberation Movement, the political wing of the SPLA, was the dominant party in Southern Sudan before independence.

Q 42 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What result did oil transit disputes cause in 2012?

A

Oil shutdown

B

Oil price rise

C

New pipeline to Kenya

D

UN oil embargo

View answer & explanation Ans: Oil shutdown

Correct Answer: Oil shutdown

In January 2012 South Sudan shut down its oil production in the transit-fee dispute with Sudan, halting exports through the northern pipeline.

Q 43 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which crisis followed independence due to unresolved grievances?

A

Civil war (from 2013)

B

Peaceful elections

C

Reunification with Sudan

D

AU expulsion

View answer & explanation Ans: Civil war (from 2013)

Correct Answer: Civil war (from 2013)

Unresolved political and ethnic grievances led to civil war from December 2013.

Q 44 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which city is the capital of South Sudan?

A

Juba

B

Khartoum

C

Malakal

D

Wau

View answer & explanation Ans: Juba

Correct Answer: Juba

Juba, on the White Nile, has been South Sudan's capital since independence.

Q 45 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How many voted 'No' to independence in 2011?

A

About 44,888

B

About 14,888

C

About 144,888

D

About 4,888

View answer & explanation Ans: About 44,888

Correct Answer: About 44,888

44,888 votes were cast against independence in the 2011 referendum, against 3,792,518 for it.

Q 46 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What type of violence occurred in the civil war?

A

Ethnic targeting

B

Religious conversion campaigns

C

Border skirmishes only

D

Foreign occupation

View answer & explanation Ans: Ethnic targeting

Correct Answer: Ethnic targeting

The civil war involved targeted killings along ethnic lines, notably of Dinka and Nuer civilians.

Q 47 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q1 50): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What primary geographic feature covers much of South Sudan?

A

Al-Sudd swamp

B

Sahara Desert

C

Ethiopian Highlands

D

Great Rift Valley

View answer & explanation Ans: Al-Sudd swamp

Correct Answer: Al-Sudd swamp

The Sudd, one of the world's largest wetlands, covers much of central South Sudan along the White Nile.

Source & verification

Built by GK360 from verified bank questions — every answer rechecked before publishing. Where the source printed no options, the answer options were prepared by GK360; the questions and correct answers are the verified originals.

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Questions

Paper practice FAQs

Is this an official PMS past paper? +

No. It is part 1 (Q1-50) of a Sir Adnan Sudan Civil War one-liner practice booklet prepared for PMS Screening 2026. It is published as paperType 'practice', never as a past paper, and the year 2026 is the booklet's label, not a claimed exam session.

When did South Sudan become independent? +

On 9 July 2011, six years after the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which provided for the independence referendum.

What was the result of the 2011 independence referendum? +

98.83% voted for independence - 3,792,518 yes votes against 44,888 no votes.

Where did the options come from? +

The source prints question + answer only, no options; the options are authored distractors under the 2026-10-28 single-format decision, so optionsSource is 'authored'.

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