CSS · Federal Public Service Commission · 2026
Solved CSS MPT Everyday Science practice set from the 1000 Advanced Booklet, Q301–350 — 50 MCQs with verified answers and explanations (fossil fuels, coal and petroleum, natural gas and LPG/CNG, solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, nuclear energy and energy in Pakistan). A practice compilation, not a past paper.
Paper Snapshot
Questions
50
Time
50
Minutes
Subjects
1
Topics
7
Read mode shows correct answers. Attempt mode hides answers, starts timer, and shows your result after submission.
About this paper
Part 7 (Q301–350) of the Sir Adnan '1000 Advanced Booklet Everyday Science' one-liner compilation (monster-data 'CSS MPT PAST PAPERS' pack). The booklet prints statement + answer only, so each item is published in the standard MCQ format with 3 authored plausible distractors under Anas's 2026-10-28 single-format decision and optionsSource recorded as 'authored'. All 50 printed items are published with no drops and no corrections. Four NOTE flags: Q326 (megawatts measure capacity; generated energy is measured in megawatt-hours), Q328 (geothermal and nuclear energy are not solar in origin), Q341 ('fastest growing' means the largest annual wind-capacity additions, where China leads) and Q346 (watts per square meter measure solar irradiance, not energy itself). This is a practice set, never titled as a past paper, and Q351–1000 remain for later runs.
Paper Controls
Subject 1
Topic Section
3 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Sedimentary rocks
Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rocks, which form in layers from deposited sediments that can bury and preserve organisms.
Correct Answer: Paleontology
Paleontology is the study of fossils — the preserved remains and traces of ancient life — while archaeology studies human artefacts.
Correct Answer: Crust
Fossil fuels are found in the Earth's crust, in sedimentary rock layers where organic remains were buried and transformed.
Topic Section
10 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Methane
Anaerobic decomposition (breakdown without oxygen) of plant and animal material produces methane, the main component of biogas and natural gas.
Correct Answer: Liquid
Petroleum (crude oil) is found underground mainly as a liquid trapped in porous reservoir rocks, often together with natural gas.
Correct Answer: China
China is the world's largest producer of coal, mining more than half of global output.
Correct Answer: Petroleum
Petroleum is called 'Black Gold' because of its dark colour and its great economic value, like gold.
Correct Answer: Coal
Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel in the world by reserves, ahead of oil and natural gas.
Correct Answer: USA
The United States has been the world's largest producer of crude oil since 2018, ahead of Saudi Arabia and Russia.
Correct Answer: Dead plants & animals
Fossil fuels are formed from the buried remains of dead plants and animals, transformed over millions of years by heat and pressure.
Correct Answer: Carbon
Coal is mainly composed of carbon, together with smaller amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
Correct Answer: Coal
Coal is a non-renewable fossil fuel, formed over millions of years and consumed far faster than it can be replaced — unlike solar, wind and hydropower.
Correct Answer: Aviation fuel (Kerosene)
Jet aircraft use aviation fuel, a kerosene-type fuel (Jet A-1), chosen for its energy content and its behaviour at low temperatures.
Topic Section
5 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Methane (CH₄)
Natural gas consists mainly of methane (CH₄), typically around 70–90%, with smaller amounts of ethane, propane and butane.
Correct Answer: Butane & Propane
LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) consists mainly of propane and butane, which liquefy under moderate pressure for storage in cylinders.
Correct Answer: USA
The United States is the world's largest producer of natural gas, ahead of Russia and China.
Correct Answer: Compressed Natural Gas
CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas: natural gas (mainly methane) compressed to high pressure for use as vehicle fuel.
Correct Answer: Natural Gas
Natural gas is the cleanest fossil fuel: burning it produces less carbon dioxide and far less sulphur dioxide and ash than coal or oil.
Topic Section
19 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Flowing water
Hydropower is generated by flowing or falling water turning turbines, which drive generators to produce electricity.
Correct Answer: Solar energy
Solar energy is renewable because sunlight is continuously replenished, unlike coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are finite fossil fuels.
Correct Answer: Plant & animal waste
Biomass energy is obtained from organic matter such as plant and animal waste, wood and crop residues, which release stored chemical energy when burned or digested.
Correct Answer: Wind turbines
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of moving air into electricity: the wind turns rotor blades connected to a generator.
Correct Answer: Electricity
Solar (photovoltaic) cells convert sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect in semiconductor material.
Correct Answer: Heat inside the Earth
Geothermal energy comes from heat stored inside the Earth, from the planet's interior and from radioactive decay in rocks.
Correct Answer: Photovoltaic cells
Solar panels are made up of photovoltaic cells, usually of silicon, which convert sunlight directly into electricity.
Correct Answer: China
China is the largest producer of solar energy, with the world's largest installed solar power capacity.
Correct Answer: Megawatt (MW)
Hydropower plant capacity is measured in megawatts (MW).
Correct Answer: Three Gorges Dam (China)
The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in China is the world's largest hydroelectric dam by installed capacity (about 22,500 MW).
Correct Answer: Sun
The Sun is the primary source of most energy on Earth: fossil fuels store ancient solar energy, and wind, water-cycle and solar power are all driven by the Sun.
Correct Answer: Bioenergy
Bagasse, the fibrous residue left after sugarcane juice is extracted, is burned or processed to produce bioenergy (heat, electricity and biofuel).
Correct Answer: Iceland
Iceland uses geothermal energy more than any other country as a share of its energy: it heats about 90% of Icelandic homes and supplies a large share of its electricity.
Correct Answer: Hydropower
Hydropower is the most used renewable energy source in the world, supplying the largest share of renewable electricity.
Correct Answer: Vegetable oils
Bio-diesel is produced from vegetable oils (such as soybean, rapeseed and palm oil) and animal fats by transesterification.
Correct Answer: China
China is the country where wind energy is growing fastest in installed capacity, adding more new wind capacity each year than any other country.
Correct Answer: Joule
The SI unit of energy is the joule (J); the watt is the unit of power, the rate at which energy is used.
Correct Answer: Watts per square meter
Solar energy intensity (irradiance) is measured in watts per square meter (W/m²), the power of sunlight falling on each square meter.
Correct Answer: Renewable energy
Hydroelectric energy is a renewable energy source, since it is driven by the continuously replenished water cycle.
Topic Section
5 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Uranium atoms
Nuclear energy is produced by splitting heavy uranium atoms (fission), which releases a large amount of heat energy.
Correct Answer: Nuclear fission
Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing energy — the process used in nuclear power plants.
Correct Answer: Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is the combining of light atomic nuclei, such as hydrogen, into heavier nuclei, releasing energy — the process that powers the Sun.
Correct Answer: Uranium-235
Most nuclear power plants use uranium-235 as fuel, since its nuclei readily split (fission) when struck by neutrons.
Correct Answer: Russia (1954)
The world's first nuclear power plant to supply electricity to a grid was Obninsk in Russia (then the USSR), opened in June 1954.
Topic Section
3 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: UV rays
The ozone layer absorbs ultraviolet (UV) rays from the Sun; its depletion lets more harmful UV radiation reach the Earth's surface.
Correct Answer: Sulphur dioxide (SO₂)
Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) released by burning fossil fuels, especially coal, dissolves in rainwater to form acid rain.
Correct Answer: Coal
Coal emits the most carbon dioxide per unit of energy among fossil fuels — roughly twice as much per kilowatt-hour as natural gas.
Topic Section
5 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Khaur (Punjab, 1915)
Petroleum was first discovered in Pakistan at Khaur in Punjab in 1915, by the Attock Oil Company.
Correct Answer: Sui (Balochistan)
Sui in Balochistan, discovered in 1952, is Pakistan's largest natural gas field.
Correct Answer: Karachi (KANUPP, 1972)
Pakistan's first nuclear power plant, KANUPP (Karachi Nuclear Power Plant), was established at Karachi and began operating in 1972.
Correct Answer: Gharo–Jhimpir (Sindh)
The Gharo–Jhimpir wind corridor in Sindh is Pakistan's biggest wind corridor, where most of the country's wind farms are located.
Correct Answer: Thar (Sindh)
Pakistan's largest coal reserves are in Thar, Sindh — among the world's largest lignite deposits, estimated at about 175 billion tonnes.
Source & verification
Built by GK360 from verified bank questions — every answer rechecked before publishing. Where the source printed no options, the answer options were prepared by GK360; the questions and correct answers are the verified originals.
Questions
No. This is a practice set built from the Sir Adnan '1000 Advanced Booklet Everyday Science' one-liner compilation. It is labelled practice in the title, slug and paperType and must not be quoted as an official past paper.
Every item in Q301–350 has a verifiable standard answer (fossil fuels, coal and petroleum, natural gas, renewables, nuclear energy and energy in Pakistan). Nothing had to be dropped as unanswerable and no booklet answer needed correction; four items carry NOTE flags about the booklet's conventional phrasing.
The source prints statement + answer only, with no (a)-(d) options. Under Anas's 2026-10-28 single-format decision, each item is published in the standard MCQ format with 3 authored plausible distractors; the questions and answers are the booklet's, and every answer was verified as the standard answer. optionsSource is recorded as 'authored' so authored options are never mistaken for the paper's.
Q301–350 cover fossils, fossil fuels, coal and petroleum, natural gas and LPG/CNG, solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass energy, nuclear fission and fusion, and energy in Pakistan (Khaur, Sui, KANUPP, Gharo–Jhimpir, Thar). The booklet runs to 1000 items; Q351–1000 are held for later conversion runs in the same format.
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